Experimental Study on the Effect of Blend Proportion on Physical Parameters of Ring Spun Polyester/Cotton Blend Yarn

Alhayat Getu TEMESGEN

PDF

Section

Research Articles

Issue

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2025): In Progress

How to Cite

TEMESGEN, A. G. (2025). Experimental Study on the Effect of Blend Proportion on Physical Parameters of Ring Spun Polyester/Cotton Blend Yarn. Synthetic Ecological Engineering, 1(1), 19-31. https://journals.explorerpress.com/index.php/see/article/view/79

Authors

Alhayat Getu TEMESGEN

Wollo University, Kombolcha Institute of Technology (KIOT), Kombolcha, Ethiopia

Abstract

This study examined the influence of polyester/cotton (P/C) blend ratios on the structural, physical, and mechanical properties of ring-spun yarns. Polyester and cotton fibers were blended at ratios of 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 (P:C) and processed using ring spinning to evaluate the effects of blend composition on yarn performance. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on yarn unevenness, mass variation, twist behavior, hairiness, tensile strength, elongation, and fiber packing characteristics. The results revealed that increasing the proportion of polyester significantly enhanced yarn uniformity, with both optical unevenness and mass variation decreasing consistently across the blend ratios. A notable improvement in yarn regularity and reduced surface hairiness was observed when polyester content increased from 30% to 50%. The 70:30 P/C blend exhibited the most favorable performance, displaying the lowest hairiness values, the highest degree of fiber compactness, and superior yarn structural stability. Mechanical properties also improved substantially with higher polyester content. Tensile strength and elongation increased progressively, with the 70% polyester blend achieving the greatest breaking force and extensibility among all blends. These improvements were attributed to polyester’s higher fiber uniformity, greater tenacity, and stabilizing influence within the yarn cross-section. Generally, the study confirms that polyester content is a key determinant of yarn quality, influencing both mechanical robustness and surface characteristics. The findings identify the 70:30 polyester/cotton blend as the optimal ratio, delivering the best balance of structural regularity, reduced hairiness, and enhanced mechanical performance, making it highly suitable for high-quality woven and knitted textile applications.

Keywords:

blend, unevenness, breaking force, yarn property, geometrical structures

References

[1]Azevedo, D., Cruz, A.R., Marvila, A.S., DeOliveira,M.T., Monteiro, L.B., Vieira, S.N. & Daironas, M. Natural fibers as an alternative to synthetic fibers in reinforcement of geopolymer matrices: a comparative review. Polymers, 2021.13(15), 2493. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13152493.

[2]Temesgen, A. G., Kaufmann J., & Cebulla H. Development and Characterization of Sustainable Bio-Resins from Agricultural Waste for Eco-Friendly Lightweight Industrial Applications. Proceedings, 2025. 131(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131081.

[3]Temesgen, A. G. Processing, Structure and Properties Analysis of Spider Silk Fiber for Textile Biomedical Engineering Application. Climate-Adaptive Materials Engineering, 2025. 1(1), 55-66. https://journals.explorerpress.com/came/article/view/61.

[4]Goodale, E.W. The Blending & Mixture of Textile Fibres & Yarns. Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, 2021, 100(4860), 4–15. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41368063.

[5]Dos-Santos, D.M., Correa, D.S., Medeiros, E.S., Oliveira, J.E., & Mattoso, L.H. Advances in functional polymer nanofibers: From spinning fabrication techniques to recent biomedical applications. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2020, 12(41), 45673-45701. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c12410.

[6]Egan, J., & Salmon, S. Strategies and progress in synthetic textile fiber biodegradability. SN Applied Sciences, 2022, 4(1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04851-7.

[7]Walle, G.A., Atalie, D., Tarekegn, E., Wudneh, A., & Desalegn, A. Prediction of mechanical, evenness and imperfection properties of 100% cotton ring spun yarns with different twist levels. Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2022, 41(1), 14-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2201.02.

[8]Emadi, M., Payvandy, P., Tavanaie, M.A., & Jalili, M.M. Measurement of vibration in polyester filament yarns to detect their apparent properties. The Journal of the Textile Institute, 2021, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2021.1923929.

[9]Hari, P.K. Types and properties of fibers and yarns used in weaving. Woven Textiles, 2020, 3-34. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857095589.1.3.

[10]Mwasiagi, J., & Mirembel, J. Influence of Spinning Parameters on thin and thick Places of rotor spun yarns. International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering, 2018, 4(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.298389.

[11]Oncul, K. Quality optimization and process capability analysis of ring spun Supima cotton yarn. Materials Testing, 2021,63(10), 943-949. https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-0027.

[12]Musa, K. and Ayse, O. The properties of cotton-Tencel and cotton-Promodal blended yarns spun in different spinning systems. Textile Research Journal, 2011, 81(2) ,156–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517510377828.

[13]Temesgen, AG, Sahu, O. Chemical and Enzyme Treatment of Enset Yarn for Technical Textile Applications. Advances in Applied NanoBio-Technologies 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages: 1-8.

[14]Temesgen, AG. A Mini-Review on Rope Technologies in the Marine Industry. Bursa 1st International Conference on Mathematic and Engineering August 18 - 20, 2023 –Bursa.

[15]Temesgen, AG. Process Ability Enhancement of false Banana Fiber. GRIN Verlag; 2012 Oct 23.

[16]Qureshi, S.A., Temesgen A.G. An experimental analysis of stress relaxation in nonwoven fabrics. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel. 2014 Nov 1;18(4):38-43.

[17]Temesgen, AG., Sahu O. Process ability enhancement of false banana fibre for rural development. Cellulose. 2014;67(67.89):67-3.

[18]Tran, K.P., He, Z., Xu, J., Thomassey, S., Zeng, X., & Yi, C. Modeling of textile manufacturing processes using intelligent techniques: a review. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2021,116(1), 39-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07444-1.

[19]Khalilur, M.d., Ronobir, C.S., Mohammad-Mahmudur, R.K.. Interactive Effect of Blend Proportion and Process Parameters on Ring Spun Yarn Properties and Fabric GSM using Box and Behnken Experimental Design. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2014, 3(11), 1609-1613. https://doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV3IS111413.

[20]Getu, A. and Sahu, O., 2014. Identification of Dyed Fabric Defects by Artificial Neural Network. Research Journal of Modeling and Simulation, 14, p.19.

[21]Getu, A. and Sahu, O., 2014. Removal of reactive dye using activated carbon from agricul-tural waste. J. Eng. Geol. Hydrogeol, 2, p.23.

[22]Ömer, Fırat T., Elif, D.T. and Temesgen, A.G., A Mini Review On Automotive Applications Of Carbon Composite Materials (Cfrp). Eu 1st International Conference On On Health, Engineering And Applied Sciences, May 5 - 7, 2023 – Bucharest.

[23]Omprakash, S., Alhayat, G.T., Recep, E. and Yakup, A., 2021. Effect of The Quantity of Bio Resins On the Acoustic Performance of Agro Waste Enset Woven Fabric Reinforced Composite, Exploratory Materials Science Research, 2 (1), 43-49.

[24]Barella, A..and Manich, A.M. The Influence of the Spinning Process, Yarn Linear Density, and Fibre Properties on the Hairiness of Ringspun and Rotor- spun Cotton Yarns. The Journal of the Textile Institute, 2008, 79(2), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405008808659135.

[25]Kumar, A., Ishtiaque, S.M. and Salhotra, K.R. Analysis of spinning process using the Taguchi method. Part IV: Effect of spinning process variables on tensile properties of ring, rotor and air-jet yarns. The Journal of the Textile Institute, 2006, 97(5), 385- 390. https://doi.org/10.1533/joti.2006.0106.

[26]Temesgen, A. G., & Workneh, A. (2025). Extraction of Enset Pseudostem Fiber and Manufacturing of Erosion Control Mats. Climate-Adaptive Materials Engineering, 1(1), 40-55. https://journals.explorerpress.com/came/article/view/54.

[27]Kaufmann, J., Temesgen, A.G. & Cebulla, H. A comprehensive review on natural fiber reinforced hybrid composites processing techniques, material properties and emerging applications. Discov Mater 5, 227 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00419-z.

[28]Temesgen, A,G., Cebulla, H., Kaufmann, J. Investigation of the sound absorption performance of cellulosic fine fibres fabricated from agricultural waste fibres. Agricultural Sciences: Techniques Innovations. 2025 Jul 8;3:13-33.

[29]Temesgen, A. G., & Kemal, S. Sustainable Recycled Cotton Fabric and Clay Powder Composites for Improved Thermal and Mechanical Performance in Home Furniture. Climate-Adaptive Materials Engineering, 2025. 1(1), 12-27. https://journals.explorerpress.com/came/article/view/45.

[30]Ishtiaque, S.M., Rengasamy, R.S., Ghosh , A. Optimization of ring frame process parameters for better yam quality and production. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, 2004, .29(2), 190-195.

[31]Banu, O.K. and Nilufer, E. Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe, 2003,11,(4), 43.

[32]Temesgen, A.G., Sahu, O. Effect of Weaving Structures on the Mechanical Properties of Woven Fabric Reinforced Composites. Indian J. Eng. 2021;18:102-8.

[33]Basal, G., Oxenham, W. Vortex spun yarns vs. air-jet spun yarn. AUTEX Research Journal, 2003, 3, 3, 96-101. https://doi.org/10.1515/aut-2003-030301.

[34]Kilic, M., Okur, A. The properties of cotton-tencel and cotton-promodal blended yarns spun in different spinning systems. Textile Research Journal, 2011, 81(2), 156-172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517510377828.

[35]Temesgen, A.G. Weaving Technology: Teaching Material on Woven Fabric Manufacture-I. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing; 2019.

[36]Demiryürek, O. and Uysaltürk, D. Statistical Analyses and Properties of Viloft/Polyester and Viloft/Cotton Blended Ring-Spun Yarns. Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe, 2014,1 (103), 22-27.

[37]Temesgen, AG., Tursucular, O., Eren, R., Ulcay, Y. The art of hand weaving textiles and crafting on socio-cultural values in Ethiopian. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research. 2018;5(12):59-67.

[38]Shahid, M.A., Mahabubuzzaman, A.M., Ahmed, F. and Ali, A. Investigation of the Physical Properties of Jute Blended Yarn Using a Novel Approach in Spinning Process. Journal of Textile Science and Technology, 2016, 2, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4236/jtst.2016.21001.

[39]Chongqi, M., Xinlong, L., Baoming, Z. Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Properties of Far-Infrared Tencel/Acrylic and Far-Infrared Tencel/Cotton Blended Ring-Spun Yarns. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2015, 10(3), 164-170. https://doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000311.

[40]Yang, R., Xu, Y., Xie, C., & Wang, H. Kubelka-munk double constant theory of digital rotor spun color blended yarn. Dyes and Pigments, 2019, 165, 151–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.02.008.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Article Sidebar