Experimental Study on the Effect of Blend Proportion on Physical Parameters of Ring Spun Polyester/Cotton Blend Yarn

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Article Type: Research Article
Issue: Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Published: 30 November 2025
Pages: 14-26

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TEMESGEN, A. G. (2025). Experimental Study on the Effect of Blend Proportion on Physical Parameters of Ring Spun Polyester/Cotton Blend Yarn. Synthetic Ecological Engineering, 1(1), 14-26. https://doi.org/10.65773/see.1.1.79

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Authors

Alhayat Getu TEMESGEN
Wollo University, Kombolcha Institute of Technology (KIOT), Kombolcha, Ethiopia

Abstract

This study examined the influence of polyester/cotton (P/C) blend ratios on the structural, physical, and mechanical properties of ring-spun yarns. Polyester and cotton fibers were blended at ratios of 30:70, 50:50, and 70:30 (P:C) and processed using ring spinning to evaluate the effects of blend composition on yarn performance. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on yarn unevenness, mass variation, twist behavior, hairiness, tensile strength, elongation, and fiber packing characteristics. The results revealed that increasing the proportion of polyester significantly enhanced yarn uniformity, with both optical unevenness and mass variation decreasing consistently across the blend ratios. A notable improvement in yarn regularity and reduced surface hairiness was observed when polyester content increased from 30% to 50%. The 70:30 P/C blend exhibited the most favorable performance, displaying the lowest hairiness values, the highest degree of fiber compactness, and superior yarn structural stability. Mechanical properties also improved substantially with higher polyester content. Tensile strength and elongation increased progressively, with the 70% polyester blend achieving the greatest breaking force and extensibility among all blends. These improvements were attributed to polyester’s higher fiber uniformity, greater tenacity, and stabilizing influence within the yarn cross-section. Generally, the study confirms that polyester content is a key determinant of yarn quality, influencing both mechanical robustness and surface characteristics. The findings identify the 70:30 polyester/cotton blend as the optimal ratio, delivering the best balance of structural regularity, reduced hairiness, and enhanced mechanical performance, making it highly suitable for high-quality woven and knitted textile applications.

Keywords:
blend, unevenness, breaking force, yarn property, geometrical structures

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References

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